@Article{FushishitaKYMKBESDSTDHSASM:2010:PrFoDe,
               author = "Fushishita, Akira and Kato, C and Yasue, S and Munakata, K. and 
                         Kuwabara, T and Bieber, J. W and Evenson, P and Silva, M. R. Da 
                         and Dal Lago, Allison and Schuch, Nelson Jorge and Tokumaru, M. 
                         and Duldig, M. L and Humble, J. E and Sabbah, I. and Al Jassar, H. 
                         K. and Sharma, M. M. and Munakata, K.",
          affiliation = "Shinshu Univ, Dept Phys, Nagano 3908621, Japan. and Shinshu Univ, 
                         Dept Phys, Nagano 3908621, Japan. and Shinshu Univ, Dept Phys, 
                         Nagano 3908621, Japan. and Shinshu Univ, Dept Phys, Nagano 
                         3908621, Japan. and Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 
                         19716 USA. and Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 
                         USA. and {} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} 
                         and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and 
                         {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and Nagoya 
                         Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. and 
                         Australian Antarctic Div, Kingston, Tas 7050, Australia. and Univ 
                         Tasmania, Sch Math \& Phys, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. and King 
                         Abdulaziz Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Astron, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. and 
                         Kuwait Univ, Dept Phys, Fac Sci, Kuwait, Kuwait. and Kuwait Univ, 
                         Dept Phys, Fac Sci, Kuwait, Kuwait. and Kuwait Univ, Dept Phys, 
                         Fac Sci, Kuwait, Kuwait.",
                title = "Precursors of the forbush decrease on 2006 december 14 observed 
                         with the global muon detector network (GMDN)",
              journal = "Astrophysical Journal",
                 year = "2010",
               volume = "715",
               number = "2",
                pages = "1239 - 1247",
                month = "June",
             keywords = "cosmic-rays, interplanetary, space, cme.",
             abstract = "We analyze the precursor of a Forbush decrease (FD) observed with 
                         the Global Muon Detector Network on 2006 December 14. An intense 
                         geomagnetic storm is also recorded during this FD with the peak Kp 
                         index of 8+. By using the {"}two-dimensional map{"} of the cosmic 
                         ray intensity produced after removing the contribution from the 
                         diurnal anisotropy, we succeed in extracting clear signatures of 
                         the precursor. A striking feature of this event is that a weak 
                         loss-cone (LC) signature is first recorded more than a day prior 
                         to the storm sudden commencement (SSC) onset. This suggests that 
                         the LC precursor appeared only 7 hr after the coronal mass 
                         ejection eruption from the Sun, when the interplanetary (IP) shock 
                         driven by the interplanetary coronal mass ejection was located at 
                         0.4 AU from the Sun. We find the precursor being successively 
                         observed with multiple detectors in the network according to the 
                         Earth's spin and confirmed that the precursor continuously exists 
                         in space. The long lead time (15.6 hr) of this precursor which is 
                         almost twice the typical value indicates that the interplanetary 
                         magnetic field (IMF) was more quiet in this event than a typical 
                         power spectrum assumed for the IMF turbulence. The amplitude 
                         (-6.45%) of the LC anisotropy at the SSC onset is more than twice 
                         the FD size, indicating that the maximum intensity depression 
                         behind the IP shock is much larger than the FD size recorded at 
                         the Earth in this event. We also find the excess intensity from 
                         the sunward IMF direction clearly observed during similar to 10 hr 
                         preceding the SSC onset. It is shown that this excess intensity is 
                         consistent with the measurement of the particles accelerated by 
                         the head-on collisions with the approaching shock. This is the 
                         first detailed observation of the precursor due to the shock 
                         reflected particles with muon detectors.",
                  doi = "10.1088/0004-637X/715/2/1239",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/715/2/1239",
                 issn = "0004-637X and 1538-4357",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "0004-637X_715_2_1239.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "12 maio 2024"
}